Inter-birth interval in zebras is longer following the birth of male foals than after female foals

Electrocardiographic Findings during Parturition and Blood Gas Tensions Immediately after Birth in Thoroughbred Foals

Electrocardiographic findings during parturition and blood gas tensions immediately after birth in thoroughbred foals.

In 101 newborn Thoroughbred foals and foaling mares, 45 fetal (FECGs) and 101 neonatal electrocardiograms (NECGs) were obtained to investigate neonatal arrhythmias and other parameters including changes in fetal (FHR) and neonatal heart rate (NHR). Moreover, umbilical arterial, venous and jugular venous blood gas tensions and pH immediately after birth were analyzed to compare with the type and...

The male to female ratio at birth.

The factors that influence the male to female ratio at birth are legion. Males are usually born in excess and stress decreases the ratio while wellbeing and good health tends to increase it. This paper reviews the multitudes of factors that have been implicated as affecting this ratio, from historical times to date.

Analgesia in foals.

The alleviation of pain in foals is an important welfare issue, increases patient and personnel safety, results in less disruption of homeostasis, and enhances return to normal function. It is important to anticipate and prevent noxious stimuli because pain in the neonatal period can alter pain processing, leading to altered pain thresholds and responses later in life as well as aversive behavi...

Pharmacokinetics of Azithromycin in Foals

Azithromycin is an azalide antimicrobial commonly used in human medicine. Azalides are similar to macrolides in that they both inhibit bacterial protein synthesis by binding to subunits of the 50S ribosome. Like erythromycin, azithromycin is mainly effective against Gram-positive aerobes. Studies in other species have shown that azithromycin has improved pharmacokinetics, is safer, and is sligh...